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Male seahorses are sometimes labelled nature’s best fathers, given that they form close, monogamous partnerships with a female and carry the pregnancy from shortly after fertilisation all the way to birth. But female seahorses may see things differently. They forget the long-term bond they share with their male partner if the two are separated even for a few days.

Lined seahorses (Hippocampus erectus) are sexually monogamous, typically mating for life. Like other seahorses, they are unusual in that the males get pregnant, …