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Is the last hope for certainty gone?

By Justin Mullins

20 July 2002

GOD really does play dice with the Universe. So claim a group of Italian scientists who say they have disproved the long-standing idea that there is certainty and order beneath the strange fuzziness of the quantum world.

Since the probabilistic theory of quantum mechanics was first proposed in the 1920s, many scientists have resisted the counter-intuitive notion that the Universe is governed by chance. They have argued that quantum theory can’t be reconciled with the predictable world of human experience. Einstein was so outraged by the idea that he refuted it with the famous pronouncement that God does not play…

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