Âé¶¹´«Ã½

The last word

6 November 1999

Round and about

Question: While walking along a beach recently, I noticed that most of the
pebbles, whatever their size, tend to have an ellipsoidal shape, often
egg-shaped with two small axes of similar length, and sometimes flat, with all
of the axes different. Flat, round pebbles with two major axes the same are much
rarer, and spherical pebbles are very rare.

Is this related to the tendency of the waves to roll pebbles around and is
there some underlying mathematics that dictates the distribution of shapes and
the most common aspect ratios?

I would expect all pebbles to tend…

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